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What Is the Resistance in Ohms of a 4.54% Salt Solution With a Conductivity of 0.88 Siemens?
Conductivity and resistance are two fundamental properties that determine the flow of electric current through a substance. In the case of salt solutions, the conductivity is directly related to the concentration of dissolved ions, which determines the ability of the solution to conduct electricity. In this article, we will explore the resistance in ohms of a 4.54% salt solution with a conductivity of 0.88 Siemens.
To understand the resistance of a salt solution, we need to delve into the relationship between conductivity, resistance, and the concentration of ions. Conductivity is a measure of how easily electric current can flow through a material. It is the reciprocal of resistance. In other words, the higher the conductivity, the lower the resistance, and vice versa.
The conductivity of a salt solution depends on the concentration of ions present in the solution. When a salt, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), dissolves in water, it dissociates into positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-). These ions act as charge carriers, allowing the flow of electric current through the solution.
The conductivity of a salt solution is typically measured in Siemens per meter (S/m) or Siemens per centimeter (S/cm). In our case, the given conductivity is 0.88 Siemens. However, we also need to know the concentration of the salt solution to determine its resistance.
A 4.54% salt solution means that 4.54 grams of salt are dissolved in 100 milliliters (ml) of water. To calculate the concentration in moles per liter (M), we need to convert grams to moles and milliliters to liters. The molar mass of sodium chloride is approximately 58.44 grams per mole.
Concentration (M) = (mass of solute in grams) / (molar mass of solute in grams per mole) / (volume of solution in liters)
Concentration (M) = (4.54 g) / (58.44 g/mol) / (0.1 L) = 0.78 M
Now, armed with the concentration and conductivity values, we can determine the resistance of the salt solution using the formula:
Resistance (R) = 1 / (conductivity (σ) x concentration (C))
Resistance (R) = 1 / (0.88 S/m x 0.78 M)
Resistance (R) = 1.29 ohms
Therefore, the resistance of a 4.54% salt solution with a conductivity of 0.88 Siemens is approximately 1.29 ohms.
FAQs:
Q: What is the significance of measuring the resistance of a salt solution?
A: Measuring the resistance of a salt solution allows us to understand its ability to conduct electricity. It is particularly important in fields such as electrochemistry, where conductivity plays a crucial role in various chemical processes.
Q: How does the concentration of salt affect the resistance of a solution?
A: The concentration of salt directly affects the resistance of a solution. Higher concentrations of salt result in higher conductivity and lower resistance, as more ions are available to carry the electric current.
Q: Can the resistance of a salt solution be altered?
A: Yes, the resistance of a salt solution can be altered by changing the concentration of the salt or by introducing other ions into the solution. Additionally, temperature can also influence the resistance of a solution.
Q: How is the resistance of a salt solution measured?
A: The resistance of a salt solution is typically measured using a conductivity meter, which determines the conductivity of the solution. Conductivity and resistance are inversely proportional, so the resistance can be calculated by taking the reciprocal of the conductivity value.
Q: Are there any practical applications for measuring the resistance of salt solutions?
A: Yes, there are several practical applications. For example, the resistance of salt solutions is used in various industrial processes, such as water treatment, electroplating, and electrolysis. It is also important in biological and medical fields, where the conductivity of bodily fluids can provide valuable information about the health and functioning of organs.
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